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Most Cited Patents · Mechanical Engineering

Most cited mechanical engineering patents

Ranked by forward citations — the physical mechanisms and industrial machinery inventions that later patents built upon most.

Patents ranked

30

Total citations

10,172

Top patent

1,806 cit

1

How Canon's Bubble Jet Printers Make Ink Droplets

How Canon's Bubble Jet Printers Make Ink Droplets

Canon's 1988 patent on bubble jet printing uses a tiny heater to instantly vaporize ink, creating a bubble that pushes out a droplet of ink from the printer head.

US4723129Canon Inc19881,806 citations

2

How 3D Printers Build Objects Layer by Layer from Liquid

How 3D Printers Build Objects Layer by Layer from Liquid

This patent describes the foundational method for 3D printing, where a machine builds a three-dimensional object layer by layer by hardening a liquid material with light or other energy.

US4575330UVP Inc19861,094 citations

3

How to Make Pill Coatings That Keep Medicine Stable Over Time

A method for coating pills with a specific plasticized acrylic polymer that ensures the medicine releases at a steady, predictable rate, even after sitting on a shelf for months.

US5639476Euro Celtique SA19971,092 citations

4

How Machines Build 3D Objects Layer by Layer from Melting Plastic

How Machines Build 3D Objects Layer by Layer from Melting Plastic

This patent describes a method and machine for creating three-dimensional objects by precisely depositing melted material, layer by layer, from a movable nozzle onto a base.

US5121329Stratasys Inc1992793 citations

5

How Stores Make Custom Products On-Demand with Remote Approval

How Stores Make Custom Products On-Demand with Remote Approval

This patent describes a system where a store can make a custom product for a customer, but only after getting permission and the necessary design information from a central, remote office.

US4528643FPDC Inc1985498 citations

6

How Piezoelectric Inkjet Printing Works

How Piezoelectric Inkjet Printing Works

A 1970 patent describing how to print images by using electrical pulses to bend a tiny crystal plate, squeezing individual ink drops out of a nozzle on demand.

US3946398SILONICS Inc1976448 citations

7

How the Modern LEGO Brick Design Works

How the Modern LEGO Brick Design Works

The 1958 patent that defined the iconic LEGO brick with hollow tubes inside, allowing bricks to lock together firmly.

US3005282Interlego AG1961374 citations

8

How Keurig's Original Single-Serve Coffee Pod System Works

How Keurig's Original Single-Serve Coffee Pod System Works

This 1994 patent describes the original Keurig system for brewing single cups of coffee using a special filter pod that holds coffee grounds and separates them from the brewed liquid.

US5325765Keurig Inc1994359 citations

9

How Thermal Inkjet Printers Use Two-Step Heating to Shoot Ink

How Thermal Inkjet Printers Use Two-Step Heating to Shoot Ink

Hewlett-Packard's 1982 patent on a two-stage electrical pulse method that preheats ink before vaporizing it, allowing thermal inkjet printers to reliably eject precise droplets without clogging.

US4490728Hewlett Packard Co1984329 citations

10

How George de Mestral Invented Velcro

How George de Mestral Invented Velcro

A 1952 patent describing the creation of a hook-and-loop fastener by weaving synthetic loops into fabric and cutting them to create tiny, grippy hooks.

US2717437Velcro SA1955299 citations

11

How the First Nuclear Reactor Works

How the First Nuclear Reactor Works

The foundational 1955 patent by Enrico Fermi and Leo Szilard describing the design of the first nuclear reactor capable of a self-sustaining chain reaction.

US2708656Individual1955232 citations

12

How CPAP Machines Gradually Increase Air Pressure for Sleeping Patients

How CPAP Machines Gradually Increase Air Pressure for Sleeping Patients

A 1993 patent describing a CPAP machine that lets patients choose how slowly the air pressure ramps up to their therapeutic level, making it easier to fall asleep.

US5199424Individual1993231 citations

13

How the iRobot Roomba Automatically Cleans Floors Without Falling Down Stairs

How the iRobot Roomba Automatically Cleans Floors Without Falling Down Stairs

A 2002 patent describing an autonomous floor-cleaning robot that uses sensors to navigate rooms, avoid cliffs like stairs, and sweep debris into a removable bin.

US6883201iRobot Corp2005215 citations

14

How Cable Modems Fix Signal Distortions Before Sending Data

How Cable Modems Fix Signal Distortions Before Sending Data

A method for cable modems to pre-filter data so it arrives clearly at the central office, preventing signal errors caused by the messy physical wires between them.

US6665308Terayon Communication Systems Inc2003188 citations

15

How Bubble Wrap Is Manufactured

How Bubble Wrap Is Manufactured

A 1959 manufacturing process that creates cushioning material by trapping air between two layers of plastic film.

US3142599Sealed Air Corp1964185 citations

16

How Phones Automatically Find and Update Network Lists Using CDPD

How Phones Automatically Find and Update Network Lists Using CDPD

A 1995 system for helping mobile phones automatically update their preferred network lists and find the best service provider using a data-only channel.

US5920821Bell Atlantic Network Services Inc1999179 citations

17

How Self-Balancing Vehicles Warn Users Before They Tip Over

How Self-Balancing Vehicles Warn Users Before They Tip Over

A safety system for self-balancing vehicles that monitors how much 'room' the machine has left to accelerate before it loses its ability to stay upright.

US6302230Deka Products LP2001172 citations

18

How Plastic Soda Bottles Are Made Stronger Using Stretched Molecules

How Plastic Soda Bottles Are Made Stronger Using Stretched Molecules

A 1970s invention that describes how to make lightweight, clear plastic bottles strong enough to hold carbonated drinks without exploding.

US3733309EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co1973170 citations

19

How Douglas Engelbart Invented the Computer Mouse

How Douglas Engelbart Invented the Computer Mouse

The 1970 patent for the X-Y position indicator, better known as the computer mouse, which allowed users to move a cursor across a screen for the first time.

US3541541Stanford Research Institute1970162 citations

20

How IBM's Storage Controllers Keep Data Backups in the Right Order

How IBM's Storage Controllers Keep Data Backups in the Right Order

A method for storage controllers to track and sequence data updates in a specific order, ensuring that remote backups remain consistent with the original data during a system failure.

US5682513International Business Machines Corp1997145 citations

21

How the Modern Frisbee Design Works

How the Modern Frisbee Design Works

A 1967 patent describing the specific aerodynamic shape and raised ribs that allow a plastic disc to fly straight and steady.

US3359678Wham O Manufacturing Co1967137 citations

22

How Disposable Diapers Keep Skin Dry Using Porous Plastic Sheets

How Disposable Diapers Keep Skin Dry Using Porous Plastic Sheets

A 1970 patent by Procter and Gamble describing a specialized plastic top layer for diapers that allows liquid to pass through while keeping the baby's skin feeling dry.

US3489148Procter and Gamble Co1970133 citations

23

How Stephanie Kwolek Invented the Liquid Crystal Solution for Kevlar

How Stephanie Kwolek Invented the Liquid Crystal Solution for Kevlar

A 1969 chemical discovery describing a specialized liquid mixture that allows for the creation of incredibly strong, high-performance synthetic fibers.

US3671542EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co1972132 citations

24

How the Nintendo D-Pad Works

How the Nintendo D-Pad Works

A mechanical switch design that allows a user to control directional movement in video games using a single, tilting thumb-operated button.

US4687200Nintendo Co Ltd1987129 citations

25

Buckminster Fuller's Geodesic Dome Building Design

Buckminster Fuller's Geodesic Dome Building Design

A structural design for a spherical building made of interlocking triangular frames that distribute weight efficiently to create large, stable, and lightweight spaces.

US2682235Individual1954120 citations

26

How Polaroid's Instant Film Pods Work

How Polaroid's Instant Film Pods Work

A 1951 invention by Edwin Land that enabled instant photography by packaging liquid developer inside a breakable pod attached to the film sheet.

US2543181Polaroid Corp1951119 citations

27

How Earl Tupper Invented the Airtight Plastic Food Container

A 1947 patent for a flexible plastic container with a unique, airtight lid that seals by pressing down on the center, creating the foundation for Tupperware.

US2487400Individual1949116 citations

28

How Ernest Lawrence Invented the Cyclotron Particle Accelerator

How Ernest Lawrence Invented the Cyclotron Particle Accelerator

This 1934 patent describes the cyclotron, a machine that uses magnetic and electric fields to whip particles into high speeds for scientific research.

US1948384Research Corp1934114 citations

29

How Auto-Injectors Adjust Their Dose Using a Simple Spacer

How Auto-Injectors Adjust Their Dose Using a Simple Spacer

A 1977 invention for auto-injectors that uses a physical spacer to adjust the amount of medicine inside the device before it is fired.

US4031893Survival Technology Inc1977108 citations

30

How George Devol Invented the First Industrial Robot Arm

How George Devol Invented the First Industrial Robot Arm

The 1954 patent for the Unimate, the first digitally controlled robotic arm that could be programmed to move objects in a factory.

US2988237Individual196193 citations

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