Patent Intelligence · Prosecution Time
How long does a patent take?
From filing to grant: actual data on prosecution times across 12 technology domains, filing years 2000–2020, and major patent offices worldwide.
Overall avg
38.6 mo
Overall median
33.7 mo
Patents analyzed
773
Fastest domain
Mechanical Engineering
Slowest domain
E-Commerce
Filing-to-Grant Lag by Technology Domain
Sorted fastest to slowest (by average months). P25–P75 band shown on bar. Median tick shown separately.
Mechanical Engineering
avg 33.2mo
med 29.6mo
P25-P75: 22–43mo
n=249
Clean Energy
avg 34.7mo
med 31.9mo
P25-P75: 19–42mo
n=38
Semiconductors
avg 37.2mo
med 32.1mo
P25-P75: 24–44mo
n=109
Consumer Electronics
avg 37.7mo
med 33.8mo
P25-P75: 24–47mo
n=438
Automotive
avg 37.9mo
med 33.7mo
P25-P75: 21–50mo
n=50
AI & Machine Learning
avg 40.5mo
med 40.7mo
P25-P75: 27–53mo
n=151
Telecommunications
avg 41.9mo
med 34.5mo
P25-P75: 25–54mo
n=239
Software
avg 42.5mo
med 38.0mo
P25-P75: 26–54mo
n=302
Biotechnology
avg 42.9mo
med 34.1mo
P25-P75: 23–53mo
n=131
Pharmaceuticals
avg 43.3mo
med 33.1mo
P25-P75: 24–51mo
n=99
E-Commerce
avg 47.1mo
med 42.7mo
P25-P75: 29–59mo
n=87
Prosecution Time Trend by Filing Year (2000–2020)
Patents filed more recently may not be granted yet, so 2021+ is excluded. Historical trend reflects USPTO backlog changes.
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
Patent Office Speed Comparison
Sorted fastest to slowest.
| Office | Avg (mo) | Median (mo) | n |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States (USPTO) | 38.6 | 33.7 | 773 |
Why do software patents take longer?
Software claims often require more back-and-forth with examiners on §101 eligibility (Alice/Mayo). The USPTO software art unit backlog grew sharply 2012-2018, pushing prosecution times to 30+ months.
Why are mechanical patents faster?
Mechanical claims are well-established in prior art and eligibility law. Examiners have clearer prior art databases and less §101 controversy. Typical prosecution: 18-24 months.
How do you accelerate prosecution?
Track One prioritized examination (fee-based) cuts average to 6-12 months. Patent Prosecution Highway (PPH) speeds up PCT applications. After final rejection, appeal or RCE extends timelines.