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PatentBrief

Patent Intelligence · Prosecution Time

How long does a patent take?

From filing to grant: actual data on prosecution times across 12 technology domains, filing years 2000–2020, and major patent offices worldwide.

Overall avg

38.0 mo

Overall median

33.6 mo

Patents analyzed

889

Fastest domain

Mechanical Engineering

Slowest domain

E-Commerce

Filing-to-Grant Lag by Technology Domain

Sorted fastest to slowest (by average months). P25–P75 band shown on bar. Median tick shown separately.

Mechanical Engineering

avg 33.4mo

med 29.9mo

P25-P75: 2243mo

n=276

Semiconductors

avg 35.8mo

med 31.6mo

P25-P75: 2344mo

n=144

Automotive

avg 35.9mo

med 33.6mo

P25-P75: 2243mo

n=77

Clean Energy

avg 36.8mo

med 34.9mo

P25-P75: 2344mo

n=70

Consumer Electronics

avg 36.9mo

med 33.3mo

P25-P75: 2346mo

n=501

AI & Machine Learning

avg 39.1mo

med 38.8mo

P25-P75: 2552mo

n=164

Gene Editing

avg 39.5mo

med 34.9mo

P25-P75: 1856mo

n=15

Telecommunications

avg 39.5mo

med 33.5mo

P25-P75: 2352mo

n=303

Software

avg 40.5mo

med 36.6mo

P25-P75: 2551mo

n=358

Biotechnology

avg 42.3mo

med 34.8mo

P25-P75: 2353mo

n=152

Pharmaceuticals

avg 43.1mo

med 33.7mo

P25-P75: 2353mo

n=113

E-Commerce

avg 46.4mo

med 40.5mo

P25-P75: 2957mo

n=91

Prosecution Time Trend by Filing Year (2000–2020)

Patents filed more recently may not be granted yet, so 2021+ is excluded. Historical trend reflects USPTO backlog changes.

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

Patent Office Speed Comparison

Sorted fastest to slowest.

OfficeAvg (mo)Median (mo)n
United States (USPTO)38.033.6889

Why do software patents take longer?

Software claims often require more back-and-forth with examiners on §101 eligibility (Alice/Mayo). The USPTO software art unit backlog grew sharply 2012-2018, pushing prosecution times to 30+ months.

Why are mechanical patents faster?

Mechanical claims are well-established in prior art and eligibility law. Examiners have clearer prior art databases and less §101 controversy. Typical prosecution: 18-24 months.

How do you accelerate prosecution?

Track One prioritized examination (fee-based) cuts average to 6-12 months. Patent Prosecution Highway (PPH) speeds up PCT applications. After final rejection, appeal or RCE extends timelines.

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