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PatentBrief
US 2911759Freedom to Build
Public domain since 1976

You can freely build on How the Float Glass Process Makes Perfectly Flat Window Panes

This patent expired in 1976. Every claim — 0 independent, 0 dependent — is now unenforceable. Anyone can use, reproduce, manufacture, sell, or offer for sale this technology without a license.

Original assignee

Pilkington Brothers Ltd

Patent granted

1959

Expired

1976

Forward citations

53

What this patent covers

The invention describes a continuous manufacturing process where molten glass is poured onto a bath of molten metal, typically tin. Because the glass is less dense than the tin, it floats and spreads out to form a perfectly flat surface. As the glass ribbon travels along the surface of the molten metal, it is cooled and solidified before being lifted off. This method produces glass with a uniform thickness and a fire-polished finish, eliminating the need for expensive mechanical grinding and polishing.

What is now free to use

All 0 claims of US 2911759 are in the public domain. Specifically:

    The 0 dependent claims add narrowing limitations and are also free.

    What is NOT covered

    Patent expiry frees this specific invention. Separately-patented improvements made after expiry may still be protected.

    • Does not cover the production of glass using traditional rolling or drawing methods.

    • Does not cover the chemical composition of the glass itself, only the forming process.

    • Does not cover the specific equipment used for cutting or tempering the glass after it has solidified.

    Who is building on this today

    The process is now the global standard for flat glass production. Major manufacturers like NSG Group (which acquired Pilkington), Saint-Gobain, and AGC Inc. continue to operate and refine these float glass lines worldwide.

    Products built on expired version of this technology

    Modern skyscraper windows

    Automotive windshields

    Residential glass doors

    Display glass substrates

    How to cite this patent in your documentation

    Pilkington Brothers Ltd. US Patent 2911759. Manufacture of flat glass. Granted 1959, expired 1976. Now in the public domain.

    Note: This is a convenience citation. Consult a patent attorney for formal freedom-to-operate analysis.

    PatentBrief is an educational resource and does not provide legal advice. Patent expiration information is derived from USPTO records and may not reflect continuation patents, divisional filings, or separately-patented improvements. For commercial use or production decisions, obtain a formal freedom-to-operate (FTO) opinion from a registered patent attorney.

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