You can freely build on Elwood Haynes' Early Stellite Cobalt-Chromium Alloy
This patent expired in 1932. Every claim — 0 independent, 0 dependent — is now unenforceable. Anyone can use, reproduce, manufacture, sell, or offer for sale this technology without a license.
Original assignee
Individual
Patent granted
1913
Expired
1932
Forward citations
18
What this patent covers
The patent describes a specific metal alloy composition primarily consisting of cobalt and chromium. By balancing these two elements, the alloy achieves exceptional hardness and resistance to oxidation and chemical corrosion. This combination allows the metal to maintain its structural integrity even under extreme heat, making it ideal for cutting tools and surgical instruments that must remain sharp and sterile.
What is now free to use
All 0 claims of US 1057423 are in the public domain. Specifically:
The 0 dependent claims add narrowing limitations and are also free.
What is NOT covered
Patent expiry frees this specific invention. Separately-patented improvements made after expiry may still be protected.
Does not cover alloys lacking the specific cobalt-chromium balance defined in the original filing
Does not cover modern superalloys that incorporate nickel or tungsten additives not specified in the 1913 claims
Does not cover manufacturing processes like 3D printing or powder metallurgy used for modern Stellite parts
Who is building on this today
The legacy of Haynes' work continues through companies like Kennametal and Deloro Stellite, which specialize in cobalt-based alloys for extreme environments. These firms have evolved the original chemistry to meet aerospace and medical standards.
Products built on expired version of this technology
High-speed industrial cutting tools
Surgical and dental instruments
Valve seats in high-performance combustion engines
Orthopedic implants
How to cite this patent in your documentation
Individual. US Patent 1057423. Metal alloy.. Granted 1913, expired 1932. Now in the public domain.
Note: This is a convenience citation. Consult a patent attorney for formal freedom-to-operate analysis.
PatentBrief is an educational resource and does not provide legal advice. Patent expiration information is derived from USPTO records and may not reflect continuation patents, divisional filings, or separately-patented improvements. For commercial use or production decisions, obtain a formal freedom-to-operate (FTO) opinion from a registered patent attorney.