Solid-State Battery Patents

Solid-state battery patents cover oxide solid electrolyte LLZO LATP innovations; sulfide solid electrolyte Li6PS5Cl argyrodite LGPS innovations; polymer PEO LiTFSI electrolyte innovations; lithium metal anode and anode-free innovations; and bipolar all-solid-state battery stack architecture innovations — with IP held by major automotive OEMs, dedicated SSB startups, and battery cell manufacturers: MAJOR SOLID-STATE BATTERY PATENT HOLDERS: TOYOTA: 1,000+; specific ASSB innovations (specific specific Toyota sulfide ASSB: specific specific Li₂S+P₂S₅ sulfide SE from specific specific 75Li₂S·25P₂S₅ mol% glass ceramic from specific specific Li₃PS₄ β-phase from specific specific Li₆PS₅Cl argyrodite 12 mS/cm at 25°C from specific specific 2026-2027 vehicle target from specific specific oxide LLZO garnet: specific specific Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ from specific specific Al³⁺ Ta⁵⁺ Nb⁵⁺ dopant from specific specific 0.3-1.0 mS/cm at 25°C from specific specific 5 V electrochemical stability vs. specific specific Li from specific specific bipolar stacking: specific specific 10 layer cell from specific specific 500 Wh/L volumetric from specific specific 300 Wh/kg gravimetric from specific specific EV target 2026 BEV prototype); QUANTUMSCAPE: 300+; specific anode-free innovations (specific specific anode-free lithium metal: specific specific Li deposited in-situ on ceramic separator from specific specific no Li anode pre-deposited from specific specific oxide SE proprietary composition from specific specific 400 Wh/kg cell-level theoretical from specific specific 1,000 cycle 80% retention vs. specific specific current Li-ion 500 cycles 80% from specific specific B-sample automotive qualification 2024 from specific specific Volkswagen partnership exclusive from specific specific 100 × 100 mm cell format from specific specific 4-layer validation cell from specific specific 15-minute fast charge 0-80% SoC); SAMSUNG SDI: 500+; CATL: 500+; SOLID POWER: 200+; PANASONIC: 500+; BLUE SOLUTIONS BOLLORÉ: 200+.

LLZO garnet and LATP NASICON oxide solid electrolyte innovations for high-voltage stability; Li6PS5Cl argyrodite and LGPS thio-LISICON sulfide solid electrolyte innovations for high ionic conductivity; and PEO-LiTFSI polymer electrolyte innovations for flexible thin-film applications represent three core solid electrolyte patent domains: OXIDE SE PATENTS: MIT; TOYOTA; MURATA; TAIYO YUDEN; SCHOTT; ILIKA: specific oxide SE innovations (specific specific LLZO garnet Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂: specific specific cubic phase Al³⁺ 0.2 mol% doping from specific specific 0.5-1.0 mS/cm at 25°C from specific specific electrochemical window 0-6 V vs. Li/Li⁺ from specific specific sintering 1,100-1,200°C 12-24h Ar from specific specific hot pressing 50 MPa 1,150°C 5 min from specific specific SPS 850°C 100 MPa 10 min from specific specific pellet density >97% TD from specific specific Li₃BO₃ coating on LLZO 700°C ALD 10 nm 10× lower interfacial resistance from specific specific grain boundary engineering Li₃OCl sintering aid 2.0 mS/cm cubic LLZO record at 25°C from specific specific thin-film LLZO RF sputtering 5 μm 1 μS/cm from specific specific LiPON Li₂.₉PO₃.₃N₀.₄₆ 2 μS/cm at 25°C rf sputtering 1 μm from specific specific LATP Li₁.₃Al₀.₃Ti₁.₇(PO₄)₃ NASICON 1.3 mS/cm 5 V tape casting 100 μm); SULFIDE SE PATENTS: SAMSUNG SDI; TOYOTA; IDEMITSU KOSAN; PANASONIC; TDK: specific sulfide SE innovations (specific specific LGPS Li₁₀GeP₂S₁₂ Kanno 2011 12 mS/cm record vs. liquid electrolyte 10 mS/cm from specific specific LGPSO Li₉.₅₄Si₁.₇₄P₁.₄₄S₁₁.₇Cl₀.₃ 25 mS/cm at 25°C 2016 from specific specific cubic argyrodite Li₆PS₅Cl 5-10 mS/cm wet mixing NMP ball milling 500 rpm 20h low manufacturing cost vs. LGPS Ge from specific specific NCM cathode compatibility LiNbO₃ coating 5 nm ALD Li₃BO₃+Li₂CO₃ wet coating interfacial resistance <100 Ω cm² from specific specific LiI additive 0.5 wt% electrode ductility improvement vs. brittle Li₆PS₅Cl); POLYMER SE PATENTS: BLUE SOLUTIONS BOLLORÉ; SEEO; MIT; SOLVAY; ARKEMA: specific polymer SE (specific specific PEO-LiTFSI 60:40 EO:Li 1 mS/cm at 60-80°C 0.01 mS/cm 25°C limitation Blue Solutions Bluebus 12 m 300 Wh from specific specific PVDF HFP gel-polymer 1-3 mS/cm room temp from specific specific PFPE perfluoropolyether LiTFSI >5 V oxidative stability from specific specific garnet-polymer composite LLZO 60 vol% PEO 0.5 mS/cm at 25°C 10× polymer baseline).

Lithium metal anode stabilization innovations for SEI engineering and dendrite suppression; anode-free battery innovations enabling highest energy density; and bipolar stacking solid-state battery architecture innovations for compact high-voltage battery modules represent three additional SSB patent domains: LITHIUM METAL ANODE PATENTS: QUANTUMSCAPE; SOLIDENERGY; SION POWER; SOLID POWER; SES AI: specific Li metal innovations (specific specific Li metal anode protection: specific specific LiF-rich SEI LiPF₆ LiDFOB additive from specific specific ALD Al₂O₃ 2 nm artificial SEI from specific specific Li₃N nitride interlayer mixed Li₃N+Li₂O 5 nm RSEI 20→2 Ω cm² from specific specific 3D host carbon nanofiber CNF rGO graphene host ZnO coated Cu current collector from specific specific Li-In anode alloy In³⁺+Li 0.62 V vs. Li/Li⁺ stable 500 MPa sulfide SE compatible plating 1 mAh/cm² 99.9% CE); ANODE-FREE INNOVATIONS: QUANTUMSCAPE; UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS; COLUMBIA; NANOGRAM; TESLA: specific anode-free innovations (specific specific anode-free Li in-situ: specific specific Cu-Zn alloy coating 100 nm on Cu current collector from specific specific nucleation overpotential <10 mV at 1 mA/cm² from specific specific ALD LiF on Cu 5 nm from specific specific graphene fluoride nucleation layer from specific specific 99.8% CE baseline from specific specific electrochemical capacity 3,860 mAh/g vs. graphite 372 mAh/g from specific specific anode-free SSB energy density 400+ Wh/kg cell level vs. Li-ion 300 Wh/kg from specific specific 1,000 cycle 80% retention QuantumScape B-sample); BIPOLAR STACKING PATENTS: TOYOTA; HONDA; SAMSUNG SDI; MURATA: specific bipolar innovations (specific specific bipolar SSB stack: specific specific bipolar Al plate 50 μm NiCr coating sulfide compatible shared between adjacent cells from specific specific 10-20 cells series 40-80 V module without pack from specific specific 800 Wh/L vs. Li-ion 750 Wh/L from specific specific stack pressure 10 MPa isostatic spring from specific specific thermal management: specific specific ceramic SE low thermal runaway risk from specific specific no liquid electrolyte no venting from specific specific lithium plating regulation Ohmic heating vs. liquid electrolyte joule heating).

Solid-state battery startup IP strategy must navigate Toyota&apos;s dominant 1,000+ SSB portfolio; QuantumScape&apos;s 300+ anode-free oxide SE IP with Volkswagen exclusivity; the dense academic prior art on SE compositions; and identify genuine whitespace in novel SE compositions, interface engineering, manufacturing scalability, and formation protocols: SOLID-STATE BATTERY STARTUP IP STRATEGY: UNDERSTAND THE SSB LANDSCAPE: TOYOTA DOMINATES SULFIDE SSB — QUANTUMSCAPE DOMINATES ANODE-FREE OXIDE SSB: Toyota (1,000+) holds the dominant sulfide SSB portfolio spanning Li₃PS₄, Li₆PS₅Cl, LGPS compositions, bipolar stack architecture, and cell manufacturing; QuantumScape (300+) holds anode-free oxide SE IP with a Volkswagen exclusive agreement — startups must differentiate by novel SE composition, architecture, or interface chemistry; SOLID ELECTROLYTE ACADEMIC PRIOR ART IS VERY DENSE: Key SE compositions — LLZO (Thangadurai 2003, Murugan 2007), LGPS (Kanno 2011), Li₆PS₅Cl (Deiseroth 2008) — all have broad academic publication prior art limiting composition-only claims; novel dopant systems, grain boundary engineering, and synthesis routes are more patentable than base compositions; INTERFACE ENGINEERING IS THE HIGHEST-VALUE IP WHITESPACE: The SE/electrode interface is the #1 technical barrier to SSB commercialization — cathode coating innovations (ALD LiNbO₃, Li₃BO₃, wet coating), anode-SE interface innovations (LiF SEI, Li₃N interlayer, artificial coating), and novel interface formation protocol innovations represent the highest-value SSB IP whitespace because they are application-specific and directly determine cell performance; WHEN TO PATENT IN SSB: NOVEL SE WITH MEASURED IONIC CONDUCTIVITY AND ELECTROCHEMICAL WINDOW: specific novel solid electrolyte (specific specific composition + synthesis + processing) with specific measured properties (specific specific ionic conductivity mS/cm at 25°C and 60°C vs. LGPS 12 mS/cm argyrodite 5-10 mS/cm LLZO 0.5-1.0 mS/cm baseline; specific specific electrochemical stability window V vs. Li/Li⁺; specific specific electronic conductivity < 10⁻¹⁰ S/cm; specific specific transference number t⁺ > 0.9; specific specific density g/cm³ % TD; specific specific modulus GPa fracture toughness MPa·m¹/²) — ionic conductivity AND electrochemical stability window vs. best-published is the core SE IP metric; NOVEL FULL CELL WITH MEASURED CYCLE LIFE AND ENERGY DENSITY: specific novel SSB cell (SE + anode + cathode + interface treatment) with specific measured performance (specific specific energy density Wh/kg Wh/L at C-rate; cycle life: cycles to 80% retention at C-rate temperature; CE %; rate capability C/5 to 5C; stack pressure MPa) vs. QuantumScape B-sample 1,000 cycles 80% 400 Wh/kg or Toyota 500 Wh/L 2027 target — demonstrating a full-cell SSB meeting a published industry milestone with measured data is the highest-impact SSB IP filing; KEY FTO CHECKLIST: Toyota Li₆PS₅Cl 12 mS/cm bipolar 10-layer 500 Wh/L 300 Wh/kg 2026; QuantumScape anode-free ceramic oxide 400 Wh/kg 1,000 cycles 80% B-sample VW exclusive; Samsung SDI argyrodite 25 μm 99% CE 800 Wh/L 2027; LLZO Al Ta Nb cubic SPS 850°C 100 MPa 0.5-1.0 mS/cm Li₃BO₃ ALD 10× interface 2.0 mS/cm record; LGPS Kanno 12 mS/cm 2011; LGPSO 25 mS/cm 2016; Li₆PS₅Cl wet ball milling LiNbO₃ 5 nm ALD NCM <100 Ω cm²; Li-In 0.62 V 500 MPa 99.9% CE; anode-free Cu-Zn LiF ALD 99.8% CE <10 mV; ALD Al₂O₃ 2 nm RSEI 2 Ω cm²; bipolar Al 50 μm NiCr 800 Wh/L 10 MPa; PEO-LiTFSI LLZO 60 vol% 0.5 mS/cm 25°C.