How the Modern Frisbee Design Works

A 1967 patent describing the specific aerodynamic shape and raised ribs that allow a plastic disc to fly straight and steady.

What it covers

The patent defines the geometry of a flying disc, specifically focusing on the transition from a flat center to a curved rim. It describes an upper convex surface and a lower concave surface that create lift during flight. A critical feature is the inclusion of 'air flow spoiling means,' which are concentric raised ribs on the top surface. These ribs disrupt the airflow to prevent the disc from stalling or wobbling, ensuring a more stable flight path.

What it doesn't cover

• —Does not cover discs without the specific concentric raised ribs on the top surface.
• —Does not cover non-circular aerodynamic toys.
• —Does not cover discs that lack the defined downward curvature from the central area to the rim.

The clever bit

The invention uses 'spoiling'—intentionally disrupting smooth airflow with ribs—to actually improve stability, effectively using turbulence to keep the disc from flipping over.

Why it matters

This patent solidified the design of the modern Frisbee, turning a simple toy into a stable piece of sports equipment. It allowed Wham-O to standardize the manufacturing of the disc, which became a staple of American outdoor recreation and eventually led to organized sports like Ultimate Frisbee.

Real-world examples

• 1.Wham-O Frisbee
• 2.Professional Ultimate Frisbee discs
• 3.Recreational plastic flying discs