How a Digital Phased Array Antenna Steers Radio Signals Electronically

This patent describes a system that uses many small antennas and digital processing to precisely aim and receive radio signals, like a smart, electronic spotlight for radio waves.

What it covers

This patent details a system for creating and directing radio beams using an array of small antennas. The core of the system is a 'multi-band software defined antenna array tile' which contains many 'coupled dipole array antenna elements' that send and receive radio waves. These signals are then processed by 'frequency converters' to adjust their frequency and 'digital beamformers' which electronically combine and steer the signals. The entire assembly is protected by a 'radome' and includes dedicated 'power and clock management' and 'thermal management subsystems' to ensure proper operation. For example, such a system could electronically track a moving satellite without physically rotating, by adjusting the timing and phase of signals from each antenna element.

What it doesn't cover

• —Does not cover antenna systems that rely on mechanical movement to steer a radio beam.
• —Does not cover purely analog beamforming techniques without digital signal processing.
• —Does not cover antenna systems that operate only on a single, fixed frequency band.
• —Does not cover basic antenna designs that use only a single radiating element.
• —Does not cover systems that lack specific thermal or power management subsystems as described.

The clever bit

The novelty lies in combining a multi-band software-defined antenna array with digital beamformers and integrated management systems. This allows for electronic steering and shaping of radio beams across multiple frequency bands using software, eliminating the need for bulky mechanical parts.

Why it matters

Digitally beamformed phased array feeds are critical for modern communication, radar, and satellite systems. They allow for rapid, precise, and flexible control over radio signals, which is essential for high-speed data transmission and advanced sensing. This technology enables more efficient use of radio spectrum and allows for smaller, more versatile antenna designs in various applications.

Real-world examples

• 1.5G cellular base stations
• 2.Satellite internet terminals
• 3.Advanced military radar systems
• 4.Directional Wi-Fi antennas
• 5.Wireless communication systems