How a Digital Phased Array Antenna System Works

This patent describes a compact, multi-band antenna system that uses digital technology to steer radio waves, allowing it to communicate in multiple directions and frequencies without physically moving.

What it covers

This system provides a way to create and receive radio signals using a digitally controlled antenna. It includes a protective cover called a radome that lets radio waves pass through, and a 'multi-band software defined antenna array tile' which is the core component. This tile contains many small antenna elements, frequency converters to change signal types, and digital beamformers that electronically direct the radio waves. The system also integrates power, clock, and thermal management to keep everything running smoothly and cool, all housed within an enclosure assembly. For example, it could be used in a satellite dish to quickly switch between communicating with different ground stations or satellites without needing to physically re-aim the dish.

What it doesn't cover

• —Does not cover antenna systems that use only analog components for beamforming, as it specifies 'digital beamformers'.
• —Does not cover single-band antenna systems, as it specifies a 'multi-band software defined antenna array tile'.
• —Does not cover antenna arrays that are not 'software defined', meaning their operating parameters cannot be easily changed through software.
• —Does not cover systems that rely on mechanical steering of the antenna elements rather than electronic beamforming.
• —Does not cover antenna designs that do not include a 'plurality of coupled dipole array antenna elements'.

The clever bit

The novelty lies in integrating a multi-band, software-defined antenna array with digital beamforming, along with dedicated power, clock, and thermal management, into a compact 'tile' within an enclosure. This allows for a highly flexible and efficient system that can electronically steer beams and operate across various frequencies, all configurable by software.

Why it matters

Digitally beamformed phased array feeds are crucial for modern communication, enabling faster, more flexible, and more efficient wireless connections. They are essential for applications requiring precise directional control of radio signals, such as satellite internet, advanced radar systems, and next-generation 5G cellular networks. Their ability to handle multiple frequencies and adapt through software makes them highly versatile.

Real-world examples

• 1.5G cellular base stations
• 2.Satellite internet terminals (e.g., Starlink user terminals)
• 3.Advanced radar systems for defense and weather
• 4.Aircraft and spacecraft communication systems
• 5.High-throughput satellite payloads