Device for Collecting and Separating Bodily Fluids Using Pressure

This patent describes a device that uses different levels of negative pressure to first isolate a portion of bodily fluid and then collect a separate sample from a fluid source.

What it covers

The device manages bodily fluids using two distinct control steps. First, it has an inlet to connect to a fluid source and an outlet to a collection device that creates a negative pressure difference. A 'sequestration portion' has a first flow controller that opens when the negative pressure reaches a certain level, allowing fluid into this portion. Then, a 'sampling portion' has a second flow controller that opens only when the negative pressure increases to a higher level, allowing a separate sample to flow into the collection device. For example, it could first isolate a specific volume of blood plasma and then, with more suction, draw a separate blood sample for analysis.

What it doesn't cover

• —Does not cover fluid control devices that use only a single flow controller for both sequestration and sampling.
• —Does not cover systems where the sequestration and sampling portions activate at the same negative pressure magnitude.
• —Does not cover devices that rely on positive pressure to move fluids, rather than a negative pressure differential.
• —Does not cover fluid collection systems that do not differentiate between a sequestration portion and a sampling portion.
• —Does not cover devices where the flow controllers are manually operated rather than automatically transitioning based on pressure.

The clever bit

The novelty lies in using two distinct, increasing negative pressure differentials to sequentially activate different fluid pathways: first to sequester a portion of fluid, and then, at a higher pressure, to collect a separate sample. This allows for precise, automated separation and collection.

Why it matters

This technology could improve the accuracy and efficiency of medical diagnostics by ensuring that different parts of a fluid sample are processed or collected under precise conditions. For instance, it could help separate specific components of blood or urine before a main sample is taken, reducing contamination or ensuring a purer sample for analysis. This precision is valuable in clinical settings where sample integrity is critical.

Real-world examples

• 1.Advanced blood collection tubes for diagnostics
• 2.Urine analysis systems requiring pre-separation
• 3.Devices for collecting cerebrospinal fluid
• 4.Point-of-care diagnostic cartridges
• 5.Microfluidic lab-on-a-chip systems