How a Host Spacecraft Refuels Another Satellite Without Using Its Fuel Tank

A system where a host satellite carries and attaches small, non-propelled fuel modules to other satellites, feeding propellant directly into their engines to bypass damaged or empty onboard storage.

What it covers

This system describes a 'mothership' spacecraft that carries multiple small, independent servicing devices. When a target satellite needs a boost but cannot use its own fuel system, the host deploys one of these devices. The device attaches to the target and connects directly to the propulsion system, bypassing the target's existing fuel tanks entirely. This allows the host to service multiple satellites in one mission by dropping off these 'external fuel packs' one by one.

What it doesn't cover

• —Does not cover servicing devices that have their own independent propulsion systems for maneuvering.
• —Does not cover traditional refueling methods where fuel is transferred into the target's existing storage tanks.
• —Does not cover autonomous docking systems that do not involve a host spacecraft deploying a separate servicing device.

The clever bit

The system bypasses the target's fuel storage entirely. By feeding propellant directly into the propulsion lines, it ignores the target's potentially broken or incompatible internal plumbing.

Why it matters

As satellites age, they often run out of fuel while their electronics remain functional. This patent provides a path for extending the life of expensive orbital assets by providing a 'plug-in' fuel source, potentially saving operators billions in replacement costs.

Real-world examples

• 1.Northrop Grumman Mission Extension Vehicles (MEV)
• 2.Future orbital satellite life-extension missions