Smart Charging for Nickel-Zinc Batteries in Hybrid Power Systems

This patent describes a method for precisely controlling the charge of aqueous nickel-zinc batteries in systems like hybrid vehicles or uninterruptible power supplies, using a separate main power source to switch between full and lower 'float' charge states.

What it covers

This patent claims a method for managing the charge of aqueous nickel-zinc batteries within a battery pack that works alongside another main power source. The system first checks if the battery's charge level is below a specific point for a 'full charge mode' (Claim 1a). If it is, the system applies a 'first voltage' from the separate power source to charge the battery to its fully charged state (Claim 1b). After reaching full charge, the system switches to a 'float charge mode,' applying a 'second voltage' that is lower than the first voltage, to maintain the battery at a slightly reduced 'float charged state' (Claim 1c). This float state has a lower charge level than the fully charged state. This process repeats as needed, for example, after a vehicle's engine uses the battery for 'cold cranking' (Claim 8) or when an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) provides backup power (Claim 11).

What it doesn't cover

• —Does not cover battery management systems for battery chemistries other than aqueous nickel-zinc batteries.
• —Does not cover charging methods that do not utilize a distinct 'separate power source' to provide the charge.
• —Does not cover systems that do not employ both a 'full charge mode' and a separate 'float charge mode' with different voltages.
• —Does not cover charging where the 'float charged state' is maintained at a level equal to or higher than the 'fully charged state'.
• —Does not cover charging methods where the voltage applied during 'float charge mode' is not lower than the voltage applied during 'full charge mode'.

The clever bit

The novelty lies in the specific, two-stage charging method tailored for aqueous nickel-zinc batteries, using distinct full and float charge voltages from a separate power source. This aims to maximize battery life and efficiency by preventing overcharging while ensuring the battery is always ready for intermittent power demands.

Why it matters

Aqueous nickel-zinc batteries offer advantages like safety and environmental benefits compared to traditional lead-acid or lithium-ion batteries in certain applications. This patent focuses on optimizing their lifespan and performance through precise charge control. This is crucial for their successful adoption in demanding environments such as data centers, telecommunications infrastructure, and automotive systems where reliability and longevity are key.

Real-world examples

• 1.Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) for data centers
• 2.Micro-hybrid vehicles with start-stop systems
• 3.Backup power systems for telecommunications equipment
• 4.Auxiliary power systems in electric vehicles