Robots That 3D Print Smart Roads for Self-Driving Cars

This patent describes how a mobile robot can 3D print communication lines and power cables directly into roads to help autonomous vehicles talk to the road and each other, and even get power.

What it covers

This patent details a method for building communication and power systems directly into roadways using a special mobile additive manufacturing apparatus. This apparatus, essentially a robot, has a controller, a 3D printing system, a drive system, a navigation system, and its own power (Claim 1). It moves along a road surface and deposits materials like electrically conductive wire or optical fiber in specific spots according to a digital plan. For example, it can embed an electrically conductive material into the road and connect it to an antenna. This setup then allows a vehicle, like an autonomous car, to send a message to that antenna, which is then transmitted through the embedded material (Claim 1). The system can also be used to flow electrical power to devices connected to the embedded conductive material (Claim 17).

What it doesn't cover

• —Does not cover building communication or power systems into roads using traditional construction methods like trenching and laying cables.
• —Does not cover stationary additive manufacturing systems; the apparatus must be mobile and transport itself along the road surface (Claim 1).
• —Does not cover communication systems between vehicles that do not involve a physical material embedded within the roadway by the apparatus.
• —Does not cover systems where the embedded material is not connected to a device like an antenna or a power receiver (Claim 1, Claim 17).
• —Does not cover general road repair or resurfacing unless it specifically involves embedding communication or power elements.

The clever bit

The novelty lies in the mobile, automated, and additive manufacturing approach to embedding functional materials directly into existing or new roadways. Instead of separate construction steps, a single robotic system can precisely 'print' communication lines or power conduits on-site, integrating them seamlessly into the road surface.

Why it matters

This patent outlines a vision for 'smart roads' that can actively communicate with and power vehicles, especially autonomous ones. By automating the installation of these critical components, it could make deploying advanced roadway infrastructure faster and more cost-effective. Such infrastructure is crucial for supporting the complex data exchange needed for safe and efficient autonomous vehicle operation, including traffic flow management and vehicle guidance.

Real-world examples

• 1.Future smart highway infrastructure
• 2.Roads designed for wireless electric vehicle charging
• 3.Traffic management systems that communicate directly with autonomous cars
• 4.Guidance systems for self-driving vehicles embedded in pavement