How a Spinning Lidar Sensor Creates 3D Maps

This patent describes a 3D Lidar sensor that uses a laser bar for one-dimensional sensing and a spinning part to scan in two dimensions, all inside a static outer case with a special window.

What it covers

This patent details a 3D Lidar system designed to map environments. It uses a laser bar that emits light in a line (one-dimensional sensing) and at least one light sensor. The key is a spinning turret inside a stationary outer box. This turret rotates both the laser and the sensor, allowing them to scan across a two-dimensional area. The outer case has a window that looks opaque to us but lets the infrared laser light pass through. This setup allows for 3D mapping by measuring the time it takes for the laser light to bounce off objects and return to the sensor.

What it doesn't cover

• —Lidar systems where the entire external case moves to scan.
• —Lidar systems that use a single point laser source instead of a laser bar.
• —Lidar systems that scan in only one or three dimensions.
• —Lidar systems without a spinning component for scanning.
• —Lidar systems where the window is transparent to visible light.

The clever bit

The innovation lies in using a single, elongated laser bar for one dimension of sensing and a simple spinning mechanism for the second dimension, all housed within a static external case. This simplifies the mechanical design compared to systems requiring more complex scanning mirrors or multiple emitters.

Why it matters

This patent is part of the foundational technology for autonomous vehicles and advanced robotics. Lidar is crucial for creating detailed 3D maps of surroundings, enabling self-driving cars to perceive obstacles and navigate. The specific design of a compact, mechanically scanned sensor with a static exterior was an important step in making Lidar more practical and cost-effective for widespread adoption.

Real-world examples

• 1.Autonomous vehicle sensor suites
• 2.Robotic navigation systems
• 3.3D mapping drones