How Apple Watches Use a Rotating Dial to Navigate Menus

A method for using a physical rotating dial on a device to scroll through lists and menus while providing audio feedback for accessibility.

What it covers

This patent describes how a physical rotating input mechanism, like the Digital Crown on an Apple Watch, interacts with a software interface. When a user turns the dial, the device moves a visual highlight between items in a list and simultaneously plays a sound associated with the new item. A key feature is the non-linear relationship between the dial's movement and the menu scrolling; turning the dial faster can skip more items than turning it slowly. The system also distinguishes between when this navigation mode is active and when it is not, ensuring the dial only controls the menu when specifically intended.

What it doesn't cover

• —Does not cover touch-based scrolling that does not involve a physical rotating mechanism.
• —Does not cover navigation systems that use linear sliders or buttons instead of a rotatable dial.
• —Does not cover volume control gestures that do not involve the specific rotary navigation mode described.
• —Does not cover voice-command-only navigation interfaces.

The clever bit

The system maps the physical rotation of a dial to a non-linear software response, allowing for both precise, item-by-item navigation and rapid scrolling depending on the speed of the user's input.

Why it matters

This patent is essential for the accessibility features of wearable devices. It allows users who are blind or have low vision to navigate complex menus on small screens by using physical, tactile feedback combined with audio cues, making devices like the Apple Watch usable for a wider range of people.

Real-world examples

• 1.Apple Watch Digital Crown navigation
• 2.VoiceOver screen reader interface on watchOS