6G Wireless Patents

6G wireless patents cover sub-terahertz and terahertz channel modeling beam management and transceiver innovations; reconfigurable intelligent surface RIS metasurface passive active beamforming innovations; AI-native RAN split learning federated learning and neural network air interface innovations; and integrated sensing communication ISAC dual-function radar-communication waveform innovations — with IP held by telecom infrastructure OEMs, chipmakers, and major research universities: MAJOR 6G PATENT HOLDERS: ERICSSON: 3,000+; specific 6G innovations (specific specific sub-THz 140 GHz 300 GHz: specific specific ITU-R M.2160 IMT-2030 from specific specific >1 Tbps peak spectral efficiency from specific specific 10 Gbps indoor hotspot from specific specific 1 μs URLLC latency from specific specific AI-native RAN: specific specific O-RAN E2 interface from specific specific near-RT RIC xApp from specific specific rApp non-RT RIC from specific specific split learning UE-gNB from specific specific over-the-air aggregation OTA from specific specific channel model: specific specific 3GPP TR 38.901 extension from specific specific 100-300 GHz D-band G-band from specific specific Saleh-Valenzuela cluster from specific specific path loss α β shadow factor from specific specific Doppler 500 km/h HST from specific specific NLOS NLOS+ spatial consistency from specific specific beamforming: specific specific XL-MIMO extremely large aperture from specific specific DFT-codebook 256×256 from specific specific analog hybrid digital from specific specific beam training overhead from specific specific near-field Fresnel zone); NOKIA: 2,000+; specific Bell Labs innovations (specific specific sub-THz transceiver: specific specific InP HEMT 300 GHz from specific specific 100 Gbps WR3 waveguide from specific specific GaAs metamorphic from specific specific RIS metasurface: specific specific PIN diode phase shift 1-bit 2-bit from specific specific phase gradient beam steering from specific specific varactor diode tunable from specific specific IRS intelligent reflecting surface from specific specific ISAC dual-function: specific specific 802.11ad WR protocol from specific specific OTFS ISAC waveform from specific specific Nokia Sensing Cloud from specific specific D/G-band fronthaul); SAMSUNG: 2,000+; QUALCOMM: 2,000+; HUAWEI: 5,000+.

Sub-THz 100-300 GHz InP GaAs CMOS transceiver architecture and power amplifier innovations; extremely large aperture MIMO XL-MIMO near-field spatial multiplexing and codebook design innovations; channel estimation and beam management compressed sensing sparse recovery innovations; and non-terrestrial network NTN LEO satellite integration and heterogeneous network HetNet innovations represent core 6G patent domains: SUB-THZ TRANSCEIVER PATENTS: SAMSUNG; QUALCOMM; IMEC; FRAUNHOFER: specific sub-THz innovations (specific specific semiconductor: specific specific InP HEMT 300 GHz Fmax 1.1 THz from specific specific GaAs mHEMT 0.1 μm from specific specific SiGe BiCMOS 300 GHz Intel from specific specific CMOS 28nm 140 GHz 16-element from specific specific power amplifier: specific specific Doherty PA efficiency 35% from specific specific stacked PA supply modulation from specific specific 20 dBm EIRP 10m range from specific specific package waveguide: specific specific WR3 0.75-1.1 THz from specific specific WR5 140-220 GHz from specific specific precision machined Al from specific specific on-chip antenna array: specific specific 256-element patch CSP from specific specific 64-element patch flip-chip from specific specific ±50° scan range from specific specific hybrid beamforming: specific specific RFIC 16:1 analog combining from specific specific 4-bit phase shifter from specific specific digital BB 2-bit precoder from specific specific NOMA power domain from specific specific rate-splitting RSMA from specific specific cell-free mMIMO: specific specific distributed DAS mMIMO from specific specific O-RAN fronthaul CPRI eCPRI from specific specific 10 Gbps per UE 1m separation from specific specific user-centric cluster); RIS PATENTS: HUAWEI; ERICSSON; DOCOMO; MIT: specific RIS innovations (specific specific passive RIS: specific specific N×M element array PIN diode from specific specific 1-bit 2-bit 3-bit quantized phase shift from specific specific varactor LC tunable from specific specific angle of incidence ±60° from specific specific path loss reflection 40+dB from specific specific active RIS: specific specific amplifier each element from specific specific full-duplex self-interference from specific specific hybrid active-passive from specific specific holographic MIMO: specific specific continuous aperture CAP-MIMO from specific specific spatially continuous aperture from specific specific Fourier plane-wave basis from specific specific 1 b/s/Hz/m² density from specific specific electronically steerable antenna ESA from specific specific RIS channel estimation: specific specific ON-OFF grouping pilot from specific specific DFT codebook ON-OFF from specific specific compressed sensing OMP from specific specific 2T sparse recovery from specific specific cascaded BS-RIS-UE channel); ISAC PATENTS: ERICSSON; QUALCOMM; DOCOMO; CMU: specific ISAC innovations (specific specific ISAC waveform: specific specific OFDM sensing DFT from specific specific OTFS delay-Doppler domain from specific specific FMCW radar chirp from specific specific CPI coherent processing interval from specific specific range resolution c/2B m from specific specific B = 1 GHz → 0.15 m from specific specific velocity resolution λ/2T from specific specific ISAC beamforming: specific specific communication beam SINR from specific specific sensing beam SCNR from specific specific weighted multi-objective from specific specific Pareto front from specific specific trade-off C↑S↑ from specific specific MU-ISAC: specific specific multi-user multi-target from specific specific MRT communication from specific specific MVDR null beam radar from specific specific ISAC applications: specific specific indoor positioning <10 cm from specific specific gesture recognition EMG from specific specific crowd density from specific specific vehicular V2X collision avoidance).

AI-native air interface over-the-air neural network CSI feedback compression and channel prediction innovations; semantic and goal-oriented communication task-oriented coding innovations; network slicing RAN intelligent controller RIC and closed-loop optimization innovations; and non-terrestrial network NTN LEO satellite RAN protocol innovations represent additional 6G patent domains: AI-NATIVE RAN PATENTS: QUALCOMM; ERICSSON; NOKIA; NTT DOCOMO: specific AI-RAN innovations (specific specific CSI feedback: specific specific CsiNet CRNet from specific specific encoder UE 1024-bit from specific specific decoder gNB decoder from specific specific NMSE -20 dB from specific specific SNR threshold from specific specific channel prediction: specific specific Transformer 12-layer from specific specific 1 ms slot prediction from specific specific 100 ms channel forecasting from specific specific federated learning: specific specific FedAvg C=10% from specific specific gradient compression 1000× from specific specific differentially private ε=1 from specific specific over-the-air OTA aggregation: specific specific type-based multiple access from specific specific OAF over-air federated from specific specific split learning: specific specific UE encoder gNB decoder from specific specific cut layer L3 L4 from specific specific backhaul latency constraint from specific specific RL resource management: specific specific DQN deep Q-network from specific specific multi-agent MARL from specific specific spectrum sharing HetNet from specific specific O-RAN: specific specific E2 interface SM-xApp from specific specific A1 non-RT policy from specific specific near-RT RIC 10ms from specific specific rApp optimization from specific specific energy SON from specific specific DT digital twin network: specific specific physics-informed GNN from specific specific graph neural network from specific specific node edge feature from specific specific 100K simulation/s from specific specific QoE digital twin); SEMANTIC COMMS PATENTS: MIT DEEPJSCC; CMU; ERICSSON: specific semantic innovations (specific specific DeepJSCC: specific specific joint source-channel coding from specific specific CNN encoder channel CNN decoder from specific specific BW compression 1:8 from specific specific PSNR 28 dB at SNR 0 dB from specific specific task-oriented: specific specific object detection JSCC from specific specific IoU 0.75 not bit from specific specific multi-user semantic: specific specific semantic NOMA from specific specific MAC channel coding from specific specific KG knowledge graph embedding from specific specific scene graph from specific specific semantic similarity cosine 0.9 from specific specific BLEU METEOR NLG from specific specific haptic ISAC: specific specific force feedback 1ms from specific specific holographic 6G from specific specific 10 Gbps haptic latency <1ms); NTN PATENTS: SPACEX; ONEWEB; AST SPACEMOBILE: specific NTN innovations (specific specific LEO constellation: specific specific 3GPP Rel 17 NTN from specific specific NR satellite DCI format from specific specific bent-pipe transparent from specific specific on-board processing regenerative from specific specific Doppler pre-compensation 50 kHz from specific specific propagation delay TA 600 km 2ms RTT from specific specific HARQ disable/adapt from specific specific direct-to-device D2D: specific specific AST SpaceMobile 64m² array from specific specific 3GPP NTN TN handover from specific specific IoT NB-IoT NTN Cat-NB2 from specific specific OTFS for LEO Doppler from specific specific elevation angle 10-90° from specific specific inter-satellite ISL link 60 GHz).

6G wireless startup IP strategy must navigate Ericsson sub-THz channel model IMT-2030 AI-native RAN O-RAN patents (3,000+), Nokia Bell Labs RIS metasurface ISAC patents (2,000+), Samsung sub-THz 140 GHz phased array and 6G roadmap patents (2,000+), Qualcomm sub-THz mm-wave Doherty PA hybrid beamforming patents (2,000+), Huawei polar code and massive MIMO 5G 6G transition patents (5,000+), and MIT DeepJSCC semantic communication joint source-channel coding patents (100+); understand that Ericsson and Nokia Bell Labs hold the most foundational 6G candidate technology IP in AI-native RAN and RIS, Qualcomm holds sub-THz RF frontend and beamforming architecture IP, and MIT CMU hold the deepJSCC and AI-native air interface research IP; identify whitespace in novel active RIS with full-duplex self-interference cancellation, novel distributed cell-free mMIMO cloud RAN with OTA gradient aggregation, novel ISAC personalized radar for indoor health monitoring (<10 cm positioning, respiration, gait), and novel NTN-TN seamless handover protocol for direct-to-device LEO — while understanding that the ITU-R IMT-2030 framework targets >1 Tbps peak, 10 Gbps sustained, <1 μs latency, and 10× energy efficiency vs. 5G: 6G STARTUP IP STRATEGY: UNDERSTAND THE 6G PATENT LANDSCAPE — ERICSSON NOKIA AI-NATIVE RAN AND QUALCOMM SUB-THZ TRANSCEIVER HOLD BROAD FOUNDATIONAL IP: Ericsson O-RAN E2 xApp AI-native RAN and Nokia Bell Labs RIS metasurface ISAC patents cover the two dominant 6G technology pillars beyond spectrum — new entrants need novel hardware platform (sub-THz CMOS 28nm 140 GHz 256-element phased array), novel network architecture (truly distributed cell-free UE-centric mMIMO), or novel service paradigm (holographic haptic semantic ISAC health sensing); NOVEL ACTIVE RIS AND ISAC INDOOR HEALTH SENSING ARE HIGHEST-VALUE LEAST-CONSOLIDATED IP: After passive RIS PIN diode 1-bit 2-bit (Huawei Ericsson) and ISAC OFDM radar DFT (Ericsson Qualcomm), novel active RIS with amplifier+self-interference cancellation per element (fully active hybrid), and novel ISAC indoor health (cardiac 1 cm respiration gesture hand sign 95% accuracy) represent less consolidated 6G patent territory; SEMANTIC COMMUNICATION DEEP JSCC AND OVER-THE-AIR FEDERATED LEARNING ARE NOVEL IP IN AI-NATIVE LAYER: After MIT DeepJSCC CNN joint source-channel and OTA-FedAvg (open research), novel goal-oriented semantic coding for specific perception tasks (object detection JSCC IoU metric not bits), novel differentially private OTA-FL with hardware constraint (UE battery CPU), and novel split inference with variable cut layer at 10ms RIC represent commercializable 6G AI-native IP; WHEN TO PATENT IN 6G: NOVEL TECHNIQUE WITH MEASURED SPECTRAL EFFICIENCY, LATENCY, AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY: specific novel 6G technique (specific specific frequency band GHz + specific specific antenna configuration + specific specific spectral efficiency b/s/Hz + specific specific latency ms + specific specific energy efficiency b/J) vs. specific Ericsson >1 Tbps peak 10 Gbps 1μs or specific Nokia RIS 40dB reflection gain or specific DeepJSCC PSNR 28dB at SNR 0dB baseline — measured SE b/s/Hz, latency ms, NMSE CSI, PSNR/IoU, energy b/J vs. Ericsson/Nokia/Qualcomm baseline is the critical 6G IP metric; KEY FTO CHECKLIST: Ericsson 3GPP IMT-2030 channel model 100-300 GHz path loss Doppler; Nokia Bell Labs InP HEMT 300 GHz WR3 RIS PIN varactor ISAC OTFS; Samsung 140 GHz 64×64 array 5G 6G roadmap; Qualcomm Doherty PA 20 dBm hybrid BF 4-bit phase; Huawei polar code massive MIMO O-RAN fronthaul; MIT DeepJSCC CNN JSCC joint coding; OTA-FedAvg gradient compression privacy; O-RAN E2 near-RT RIC xApp A1 non-RT rApp; OTFS delay-Doppler FMCW range velocity; NTN 3GPP Rel 17 Doppler TA HARQ; AST SpaceMobile 64m² direct-to-device.