# How Nintendo's Wii Remote Tracks Motion and Infrared Light > A patent describing the Wii Remote's technology for tracking physical movement and infrared light to control video games wirelessly. - **Patent:** US RE45905 - **Original title:** USRE45905E1 - Video game system with wireless modular handheld controller - **Owner:** Nintendo Co Ltd - **Granted:** 2016 - **Status:** Active - **Times cited:** 11 - **Field:** consumer_electronics, gaming, mechanical ## What it does This patent details a handheld controller that uses a combination of sensors to track its position in 3D space. It features an infrared camera that detects light emitted from a sensor bar near the TV, allowing the system to calculate the controller's X and Y coordinates on the screen. Simultaneously, an internal three-axis accelerometer measures physical movement and tilt. The controller then wirelessly sends this combined data to the game console, while also providing feedback through a built-in speaker or vibration motor. ## What it does NOT cover - Does not cover controllers that rely solely on inertial sensors without an infrared-based optical tracking component. - Does not cover wired controllers that require a physical tether to the main console unit. - Does not cover systems that track motion using external cameras pointed at the user (like the original Kinect). - Does not cover touch-based input methods or gesture recognition that does not involve the specific infrared-to-camera tracking method described. ## The clever bit The system offloads the heavy lifting of image processing to the controller itself, which identifies specific infrared light sources and sends only the relevant coordinate data to the console, rather than sending raw video frames. ## Real-world examples 1. Nintendo Wii Remote 2. Wii MotionPlus accessory 3. Wii U GamePad ## Why it matters This technology was the core of the Nintendo Wii, which fundamentally changed the gaming industry by making motion-controlled gaming accessible to non-traditional players. It shifted the focus of console gaming from purely button-based inputs to physical interaction, influencing how developers designed games for over a decade. ## Frequently asked questions ### What does How Nintendo's Wii Remote Tracks Motion and Infrared Light cover? A patent describing the Wii Remote's technology for tracking physical movement and infrared light to control video games wirelessly. ### Who owns patent US RE45905? Nintendo Co Ltd owns this patent, granted in 2016. ### When does this patent expire? This patent is expected to expire on March 1, 2036, when the invention enters the public domain. ### What is patent US RE45905 cited by? This patent has been cited by 11 later patents that build on its ideas. ### What problem does this patent solve? This technology was the core of the Nintendo Wii, which fundamentally changed the gaming industry by making motion-controlled gaming accessible to non-traditional players. It shifted the focus of console gaming from purely button-based inputs to physical interaction, influencing how developers designed games for over a decade. ### What does this patent NOT cover? Does not cover controllers that rely solely on inertial sensors without an infrared-based optical tracking component. **Full plain-English explainer:** https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/RE45905/walkman-portable-cassette-player **Original patent:** https://patents.google.com/patent/USRE45905 --- _Source: PatentBrief — https://patentbrief.org. Patent facts are from public records; the plain-English explanation is PatentBrief's._ ## Related patents Semantically similar inventions in the PatentBrief corpus: - [How Nintendo's Wii U GamePad Controller Attachment Works](https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/8702514/wii-balance-board) — A patent describing a modular gaming controller system where a tablet-like screen can be snapped into a larger frame with physical grips and buttons. - [How Game Controllers Change Button Functions Using Plug-in Accessories](https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/10543427/joy-con-motion-controls) — A system for game controllers that automatically changes what a button does when you physically attach a hardware accessory to the controller. - [Detecting When Gamers Stop Playing to Save Power](https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/7782297/wii-remote) — Sony's 2010 patent on using motion and image data to detect when a gamer stops playing, allowing the game console to pause or save energy. - [How Wireless Earbuds Detect Hand Gestures Using Invisible Light or Sound](https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/9949013/airpods-charging-case) — A system for wireless earbuds that uses pulses of infrared light or ultrasound to detect hand movements near the ear, allowing users to control devices without touching them. - [How the Nintendo D-Pad Works](https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/4687200/nintendo-d-pad-directional) — A mechanical switch design that allows a user to control directional movement in video games using a single, tilting thumb-operated button.