{
  "patent_number": "US 9882197",
  "country": "US",
  "title": "How a Battery Heats Itself in the Cold for Better Performance",
  "original_title": "All climate battery and manufacturing and using the same",
  "summary": "This patent describes a rechargeable battery that can warm itself up in freezing temperatures by temporarily increasing its internal electrical resistance, then switching back to normal operation for full power.",
  "what_it_does": "The patent details a rechargeable battery designed to work well in all climates. It includes a standard internal resistance (R1) for normal operation and a second, higher internal resistance (R2) created by a special \"resistor sheet\" located inside or next to a battery cell (Claim 1, 2). When the battery is cold, below a certain temperature (T1), a \"switch\" connects this resistor sheet to the battery's terminals (Claim 1, 13). This causes current to flow through the higher resistance (R2), generating heat internally to warm the battery quickly (Abstract). Once the battery reaches a normal operating temperature (T2), the switch disconnects the resistor sheet, and the battery operates with its lower, normal resistance (R1), delivering full power and energy (Abstract). For example, an electric vehicle battery could use this to rapidly warm itself on a freezing morning, ensuring optimal range and acceleration from the start.",
  "what_it_does_not_cover": [
    "Does not cover battery heating systems that use external heating elements, rather than an internal resistor sheet (Claim 1 specifies the resistor sheet is \"within or adjacent a cell\").",
    "Does not cover batteries that generate heat through chemical reactions without an additional, switchable high-resistance electrical circuit (Claim 1 defines R1 and R2 electrically).",
    "Does not cover systems that lack a switch to change between a high-resistance heating mode and a lower-resistance operating mode (Claim 1 requires \"a switch configured to electrically connect or disconnect\").",
    "Does not cover batteries where the high-resistance element is not connected via an additional terminal (Claim 1 specifies \"at least one high resistance terminal\").",
    "Does not cover batteries that only have a single, fixed internal resistance, regardless of temperature."
  ],
  "filed": "2014-04-17",
  "granted": "2018-01-30",
  "expires": "2034-04-17",
  "status": "active",
  "holder": "EC Power",
  "holder_url": "https://patentbrief.org/company/ec-power",
  "inventors": [
    {
      "name": "Shanhai GE",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/inventor/shanhai-ge"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chao-Yang Wang",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/inventor/chao-yang-wang"
    }
  ],
  "times_cited": 8,
  "tags": [
    "automotive",
    "consumer_electronics",
    "energy",
    "telecommunications",
    "semiconductors"
  ],
  "abstract": "A rechargeable battery, module or a pack, having different levels of internal resistance that operate at different temperatures are disclosed. In a subfreezing environment, the battery can exhibit high resistance which once operated or activated, generates heat internally to warm up the battery quickly. Once the batter reaches normal operating temperatures, the battery can switch to a low resistance operating mode, thereby delivering superior power and energy despite operating in a very low ambient temperature.",
  "url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/9882197/all-climate-battery-and-manufacturing-and-using-the-same",
  "markdown_url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/9882197/all-climate-battery-and-manufacturing-and-using-the-same/md",
  "google_patents_url": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US9882197",
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}