# How Streaming Services Dynamically Insert Targeted Ads Into Videos > A method for streaming services to stitch personalized advertisements into video content by dynamically generating playlists that match the user's profile and internet speed. - **Patent:** US 9721254 - **Original title:** Method and apparatus for providing streaming media programs and targeted advertisements using multiple advertisement version segments - **Owner:** Hulu LLC - **Granted:** 2017 - **Status:** Active - **Times cited:** 1 - **Field:** consumer_electronics, software, telecommunications, ecommerce ## What it does This patent describes a system for delivering video content and advertisements that adapt to both a user's internet connection speed and their demographic profile. It works by breaking down both the main video and the ads into small, bitrate-specific segments. When a user requests a video, the system identifies the user and selects a specific ad tailored to them. It then creates a master playlist that includes addresses for both the video and the chosen ad, ensuring the ad matches the quality of the video stream without requiring the server to constantly track the ad's state during playback. ## What it does NOT cover - Does not cover ads that are hard-coded or 'burned' directly into the video file before streaming. - Does not cover client-side ad insertion where the video player itself fetches ads from a separate server independently of the master playlist. - Does not cover methods that rely on maintaining a persistent server-side session state for the advertisement throughout the entire viewing duration. ## The clever bit The system embeds the advertisement's identity directly into the media playlist addresses. This allows the server to remain 'stateless' regarding the ad, meaning it doesn't have to remember which ad it chose for a specific user session once the playlist is sent. ## Real-world examples 1. Hulu ad-supported tier 2. Peacock streaming service 3. YouTube TV ad insertion 4. Dynamic Ad Insertion (DAI) in OTT platforms ## Why it matters This technology is fundamental to modern ad-supported streaming services like Hulu, Peacock, and YouTube. By allowing ads to be selected and stitched into a stream at the moment of request, it enables the high-precision targeting that drives the streaming economy while maintaining a smooth, high-quality viewing experience for the user. ## Frequently asked questions ### What does How Streaming Services Dynamically Insert Targeted Ads Into Videos cover? A method for streaming services to stitch personalized advertisements into video content by dynamically generating playlists that match the user's profile and internet speed. ### Who owns patent US 9721254? Hulu LLC owns this patent, granted in 2017. ### When does this patent expire? This patent is expected to expire on August 1, 2037, when the invention enters the public domain. ### What is patent US 9721254 cited by? This patent has been cited by 1 later patents that build on its ideas. ### What problem does this patent solve? This technology is fundamental to modern ad-supported streaming services like Hulu, Peacock, and YouTube. By allowing ads to be selected and stitched into a stream at the moment of request, it enables the high-precision targeting that drives the streaming economy while maintaining a smooth, high-quality viewing experience for the user. ### What does this patent NOT cover? Does not cover ads that are hard-coded or 'burned' directly into the video file before streaming. **Full plain-English explainer:** https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/9721254/uber-ride-hailing-platform **Original patent:** https://patents.google.com/patent/US9721254 --- _Source: PatentBrief — https://patentbrief.org. Patent facts are from public records; the plain-English explanation is PatentBrief's._ ## Related patents Semantically similar inventions in the PatentBrief corpus: - [How Digital Media Streams Are Automatically Tagged and Organized](https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/9264471/netflix-download-for-offline) — A method for embedding standardized labels directly into digital video or audio streams so that devices can automatically identify and extract specific segments of content. - [How Devices Track Offline Ad Watching and Share Media Recommendations](https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/8769558/netflix-adaptive-streaming) — A system for tracking which ads a user watches in downloaded video files while offline and reporting that data back to publishers once the device reconnects to the internet. - [How to Play Any Media Playlist by Converting it to a Standard Format](https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/6990497/dynamic-streaming-media-management) — This patent describes a system that takes media playlists in various formats, converts them into a single standard format, and then streams the referenced content, even allowing for dynamic changes during playback. - [How Google Ads Detect Which Web Page You Are Viewing](https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/7136875/google-maps) — A method for web browsers to identify the correct webpage address to show relevant advertisements, even when the ad code is hidden inside a frame. - [Delivering Targeted Ads and Digital Content to Remote Kiosks](https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/10210529/shopify-app-store) — A method for sending digital content and personalized advertisements to remote kiosks by combining scheduled data pushes with real-time requests.