{
  "patent_number": "US 9328156",
  "country": "US",
  "title": "How Genetically Modified T-Cells Attack Cancer",
  "original_title": "Use of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells to treat cancer",
  "summary": "This patent describes how human T cells are genetically engineered to express a special receptor (CAR) that specifically targets and kills cancer cells, particularly those with the CD19 marker, offering a new way to treat cancer.",
  "what_it_does": "This patent describes a pharmaceutical composition containing human T cells that have been genetically modified. These T cells are engineered to produce a special protein on their surface called a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR). This CAR is designed with several key parts: a 'CD19 antigen binding domain' that acts like a hook to specifically grab onto CD19 proteins found on certain cancer cells, a 'transmembrane domain' that anchors the CAR to the T cell's surface, a '4-1BB costimulatory signaling region' that helps activate the T cell, and a 'CD3 zeta signaling domain' (specifically using the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24) which is crucial for the T cell to launch its attack. When these modified T cells are given to a human with cancer, they are designed to find and destroy cancer cells expressing CD19. For example, a patient with a type of leukemia or lymphoma that has CD19-positive cancer cells could receive these specially prepared T cells to fight their disease.",
  "what_it_does_not_cover": [
    "CAR T-cell therapies that target cancer cells expressing antigens other than CD19.",
    "CAR T-cell therapies that use a costimulatory signaling region different from 4-1BB.",
    "CAR T-cell therapies where the CD3 zeta signaling domain does not match the specific amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24.",
    "T-cell therapies that are not genetically modified to express a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR).",
    "CAR T-cell therapies intended for uses other than treating cancer in a human."
  ],
  "filed": "2013-12-16",
  "granted": "2016-05-03",
  "expires": "2033-12-16",
  "status": "active",
  "holder": "University of Pennsylvania Penn",
  "holder_url": "https://patentbrief.org/company/university-of-pennsylvania-penn",
  "inventors": [
    {
      "name": "Michael D. Kalos",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/inventor/michael-d-kalos"
    },
    {
      "name": "Michael C. Milone",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/inventor/michael-c-milone"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bruce L. Levine",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/inventor/bruce-l-levine"
    },
    {
      "name": "Carl H. June",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/inventor/carl-h-june"
    },
    {
      "name": "David L. Porter",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/inventor/david-l-porter"
    }
  ],
  "times_cited": 65,
  "tags": [
    "biotech",
    "pharmaceutical",
    "gene_editing",
    "oncology"
  ],
  "abstract": "The present invention provides compositions and methods for treating cancer in a human. The invention includes relates to administering a genetically modified T cell to express a CAR wherein the CAR comprises an antigen binding domain, a transmembrane domain, a costimulatory signaling region, and a CD3 zeta signaling domain.",
  "url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/9328156/use-of-chimeric-antigen-receptor-modified-t-cells-to-treat-cancer",
  "markdown_url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/9328156/use-of-chimeric-antigen-receptor-modified-t-cells-to-treat-cancer/md",
  "google_patents_url": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US9328156",
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}