{
  "patent_number": "US 20230383290",
  "country": "US",
  "title": "How to Precisely Edit Genes Using Retron-Guide RNA Cassettes",
  "original_title": "High-throughput precision genome editing",
  "summary": "This patent describes a method for highly efficient and precise genome editing using a retron-guide RNA cassette to deliver large pieces of donor DNA into a cell's genetic material.",
  "what_it_does": "This invention provides a system for editing genes with high precision and efficiency. It uses a special genetic package called a \"retron-guide RNA cassette\" (Claim 1). This cassette contains a \"retron,\" which is a genetic element with specific parts like an \"msr locus,\" an \"msd locus\" (where the new \"donor DNA sequence\" is placed), and inverted repeat sequences (Claim 1). Importantly, the donor DNA sequence, which carries the genetic changes to be inserted, is quite long, ranging from 500 to 10,000 nucleotides (Claim 1). The cassette also includes a \"guide RNA (gRNA) coding region\" (Claim 1). When introduced into a cell, the retron creates an RNA molecule that can make many copies of single-stranded DNA (msDNA) using a \"reverse transcriptase (RT)\" (Claim 4, 5). This msDNA, containing the donor DNA, then precisely inserts into the target gene location in the cell's genome, guided by the gRNA and matching \"homology arms\" (Claim 13) on the donor DNA. For example, this system could be used to correct a large faulty gene sequence responsible for a genetic disorder.",
  "what_it_does_not_cover": [
    "Does not cover genome editing systems that do not use a retron to deliver the donor DNA.",
    "Does not cover methods where the donor DNA sequence is shorter than 500 nucleotides in length.",
    "Does not cover gene editing techniques that do not involve a guide RNA molecule.",
    "Does not cover systems that deliver donor DNA without generating multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA) via self-priming reverse transcription.",
    "Does not cover gene editing where the donor DNA lacks homology arms for precise integration at a nuclease cleavage site."
  ],
  "filed": "2023-08-03",
  "granted": null,
  "expires": "2043-08-03",
  "status": "active",
  "holder": "Leland Stanford Junior University",
  "holder_url": "https://patentbrief.org/company/leland-stanford-junior-university",
  "inventors": [
    {
      "name": "Hunter Fraser",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/inventor/hunter-fraser"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zachery Smith",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/inventor/zachery-smith"
    }
  ],
  "times_cited": 0,
  "tags": [
    "biotech",
    "gene_editing",
    "pharmaceutical",
    "life_sciences"
  ],
  "abstract": "The invention provides compositions and methods for high-efficiency genome editing. In some aspects, the invention provides retron-guide RNA cassettes and vectors comprising the cassettes. Also provided are host cells that have been transformed with the vectors. In other aspects, the invention provides retron donor DNA-guide molecules. In some other aspects, methods for genome editing and the screening of genetic loci are provided. In further aspects, methods and compositions are provided for the prevention or treatment of genetic diseases. Kits for genome editing and screening are also provided.",
  "url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/20230383290/high-throughput-precision-genome-editing",
  "markdown_url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/20230383290/high-throughput-precision-genome-editing/md",
  "google_patents_url": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US20230383290",
  "relatedPatents": [
    {
      "patentNumber": "20180127759",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "title": "Highly Efficient Bacterial Gene Editing Using Guide RNA and Reverse Transcriptase",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/20180127759/dynamic-genome-engineering"
    },
    {
      "patentNumber": "8697359",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "title": "How to Edit Genes in Human Cells Using an Engineered CRISPR System",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/8697359/crispr-gene-editing"
    },
    {
      "patentNumber": "10113167",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "title": "How CRISPR-Cas9 Uses RNA to Edit DNA",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/10113167/methods-and-compositions-for-rna-directed-target-dna-modification-and-for-rna-directed-modulation-of-transcription"
    },
    {
      "patentNumber": "12416013",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "title": "Boosting Plant Gene Editing and Regeneration with Special Genes",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/12416013/method-for-improving-plant-genetic-transformation-and-gene-editing-efficiency"
    },
    {
      "patentNumber": "4237224",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "title": "How Scientists First Made DNA Replicate in New Cells",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/4237224/cohen-boyer-recombinant-dna"
    }
  ]
}