{
  "patent_number": "US 1102653",
  "country": "US",
  "title": "Robert Goddard's Early Design for Liquid-Fueled Rocket Engines",
  "original_title": "Rocket apparatus.",
  "summary": "A foundational 1914 patent by Robert Goddard detailing the basic mechanical structure of a rocket engine using liquid fuel.",
  "what_it_does": "This patent describes a rocket apparatus designed to improve efficiency by using a combustion chamber and a nozzle to accelerate exhaust gases. It outlines a system where liquid fuel and an oxidizer are injected into a chamber to create controlled thrust. By focusing on the geometry of the combustion chamber and the expansion of gases, it established the fundamental architecture for modern liquid-propellant rockets. This was a significant shift from the solid-fuel rockets used for centuries, as it allowed for more controlled and sustained flight.",
  "what_it_does_not_cover": [
    "Does not cover modern guidance or navigation systems for rockets.",
    "Does not cover multi-stage rocket designs or separation mechanisms.",
    "Does not cover specific chemical compositions of modern high-performance rocket fuels.",
    "Does not cover electronic ignition systems or computer-controlled thrust vectoring."
  ],
  "filed": "1913-10-01",
  "granted": "1914-07-07",
  "expires": "1933-10-01",
  "status": "expired",
  "holder": "Individual",
  "holder_url": "https://patentbrief.org/company/individual",
  "inventors": [
    {
      "name": "Robert H Goddard",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/inventor/robert-h-goddard"
    }
  ],
  "times_cited": 59,
  "tags": [
    "aerospace",
    "mechanical"
  ],
  "abstract": null,
  "url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/1102653/liquid-fuel-rocket-goddard",
  "markdown_url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/1102653/liquid-fuel-rocket-goddard/md",
  "google_patents_url": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US1102653",
  "relatedPatents": [
    {
      "patentNumber": "2168726",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "title": "Frank Whittle's Early Jet Engine Design",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/2168726/jet-engine-whittle"
    },
    {
      "patentNumber": "1001260",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "title": "How Ole Evinrude Invented the Modern Portable Outboard Motor",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/1001260/outboard-motor-evinrude"
    },
    {
      "patentNumber": "549160",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "title": "George Selden's 1895 Patent for a Road Engine",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/549160/selden-automobile-patent"
    },
    {
      "patentNumber": "2331117",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "title": "How the First Aerosol Spray Can Works",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/2331117/aerosol-spray-can-goodhue"
    },
    {
      "patentNumber": "293545",
      "countryCode": "US",
      "title": "How Lewis Waterman's Original Fountain Pen Design Worked",
      "url": "https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/293545/fountain-pen-waterman"
    }
  ]
}