# How Apple Watches Use a Rotating Dial to Navigate Menus > A method for using a physical rotating dial on a device to scroll through lists and menus while providing audio feedback for accessibility. - **Patent:** US 10466883 - **Original title:** Screenreader user interface - **Owner:** Apple Inc - **Granted:** 2019 - **Status:** Active - **Times cited:** 8 - **Field:** consumer_electronics, software ## What it does This patent describes how a physical rotating input mechanism, like the Digital Crown on an Apple Watch, interacts with a software interface. When a user turns the dial, the device moves a visual highlight between items in a list and simultaneously plays a sound associated with the new item. A key feature is the non-linear relationship between the dial's movement and the menu scrolling; turning the dial faster can skip more items than turning it slowly. The system also distinguishes between when this navigation mode is active and when it is not, ensuring the dial only controls the menu when specifically intended. ## What it does NOT cover - Does not cover touch-based scrolling that does not involve a physical rotating mechanism. - Does not cover navigation systems that use linear sliders or buttons instead of a rotatable dial. - Does not cover volume control gestures that do not involve the specific rotary navigation mode described. - Does not cover voice-command-only navigation interfaces. ## The clever bit The system maps the physical rotation of a dial to a non-linear software response, allowing for both precise, item-by-item navigation and rapid scrolling depending on the speed of the user's input. ## Real-world examples 1. Apple Watch Digital Crown navigation 2. VoiceOver screen reader interface on watchOS ## Why it matters This patent is essential for the accessibility features of wearable devices. It allows users who are blind or have low vision to navigate complex menus on small screens by using physical, tactile feedback combined with audio cues, making devices like the Apple Watch usable for a wider range of people. ## Frequently asked questions ### What does How Apple Watches Use a Rotating Dial to Navigate Menus cover? A method for using a physical rotating dial on a device to scroll through lists and menus while providing audio feedback for accessibility. ### Who owns patent US 10466883? Apple Inc owns this patent, granted in 2019. ### When does this patent expire? This patent is expected to expire on November 5, 2039, when the invention enters the public domain. ### What is patent US 10466883 cited by? This patent has been cited by 8 later patents that build on its ideas. ### What problem does this patent solve? This patent is essential for the accessibility features of wearable devices. It allows users who are blind or have low vision to navigate complex menus on small screens by using physical, tactile feedback combined with audio cues, making devices like the Apple Watch usable for a wider range of people. ### What does this patent NOT cover? Does not cover touch-based scrolling that does not involve a physical rotating mechanism. **Full plain-English explainer:** https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/10466883/apple-arcade **Original patent:** https://patents.google.com/patent/US10466883 --- _Source: PatentBrief — https://patentbrief.org. Patent facts are from public records; the plain-English explanation is PatentBrief's._ ## Related patents Semantically similar inventions in the PatentBrief corpus: - [How the Apple Watch Uses the Digital Crown to Flip Objects](https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/10275117/apple-watch-heart-rate-sensor) — A method for rotating virtual objects on a small wearable screen by spinning the physical dial on the side of the device based on how fast you turn it. - [How Apple's Interface Switches Between Music Playlists and Menus](https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/10928980/ios-widgets-on-home-screen) — A method for navigating through a stack of music playlists on a touchscreen or dial, which automatically shifts to a menu view when you reach the end of the list. - [How Smartphones Switch Between Slow and Fast Scrolling](https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/8683378/scrolling-techniques-for-user-interfaces) — A system that automatically changes how a list scrolls based on how fast or hard you interact with the screen. - [How Pull-to-Refresh Works on Your Smartphone](https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/8448084/pull-to-refresh-gesture) — This patent describes the 'pull-to-refresh' gesture that lets users update a list of content, like a social media feed, by dragging down until a trigger appears and then releasing. - [How Touchscreens Handle Scrolling and Rubber-Band Effects](https://patentbrief.org/patent/us/7844915/application-programming-interfaces-for-scrolling-operations) — This patent describes the software logic that allows touchscreens to distinguish between simple scrolling and multi-finger gestures, while also enabling the signature 'rubber-band' bounce effect when you reach the end of a page.